Covid-19 pandemisinin akabinde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden, Orta ve Bat\u0131 Afrika\u2019da \u00a0endemik bir hastal\u0131k olan Maymun \u00c7ice\u011fi Vir\u00fcs\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 salg\u0131nlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. D\u00fcnya S\u0131hhat \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) taraf\u0131ndan halk s\u0131hhati i\u00e7in acil durum daveti ilan edilen Maymun \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fi Vir\u00fcs\u00fc (MPOX); ate\u015f, halsizlik, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, lenf bezlerinde \u015fi\u015fme, kusma \u00fczere ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 bulgular\u0131n\u0131n akabinde \u00a0y\u00fcz, kol, bacaklar, genital organlar, an\u00fcs \u00fczere b\u00f6lgelerde kabarc\u0131kl\u0131 lezyonlarla kendini g\u00f6steriyor. Cilt d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc, yahut beden s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131yla direkt temas, uzun vadeli yak\u0131n temas, cinsel temas, \u00f6p\u00fc\u015fme yahut cinsel ilgi yoluyla \u015fah\u0131stan \u015fahsa bula\u015fan hastal\u0131ktan korunmada hijyen \u015fartlar\u0131na uymak, el y\u0131kama, maske kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Memorial Bah\u00e7elievler Hastanesi Enfeksiyon Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Prof. Dr. Funda Timurkaynak, maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fc ile ilgili bilgi verdi.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Afrika B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde hayvan \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fc yani MPOX, orthopox vir\u00fcs ailesinden gelmektedir. Endemik \u00fclkelerde maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi salg\u0131nlar\u0131 enfekte hayvanlarla ve hayvan eserleriyle direkt temas sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, \u015fah\u0131stan bireye bula\u015fma aile i\u00e7i yak\u0131n temasla sonlu olmu\u015ftur. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda endemik \u00fclkeler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00fclkeyi etkileyen salg\u0131nda ise cinsel ilgi ile bula\u015f \u00f6n planda olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u0130lk sefer 1958\u2019de Afrika\u2019dan deney hayvan\u0131 olarak getirilen maymunlarda tespit edilmi\u015ftir. 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda birinci olay Afrikada bir \u00e7ocukta ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayvanlardan bula\u015fan bu vir\u00fcs Zoonotik bir hastal\u0131k yani hayvanlardan be\u015fere bula\u015fan bir hastal\u0131k olarak bilinmektedir. Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131nda maymun, sincap, fare \u00fczere yaban\u00ee hayvanlardan insanlara bula\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayvan \u0131s\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131, t\u0131rmalamas\u0131, etinin yenmesi \u00a0veya yaban\u00ee hayvanlar\u0131n derisini y\u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131rada insanlara bula\u015f ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda yaz devrinde 116 \u00fclkeden 99 bin hadise belirlenmi\u015ftir. Lakin 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 Haziran Ay\u0131\u2019nda Kongo\u2019da salg\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve d\u00fcnyadan yard\u0131m talep edilmi\u015ftir. 16 binden fazla olay kom\u015fu \u00a04 \u00fclkeye de yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fc ile ilgili DS\u00d6 ikazlarda bulunmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eu anda da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131lmaya devam etti\u011fi bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle s\u0131k s\u0131k el y\u0131kanmas\u0131, \u015fahs\u00ee hijyene de\u011fer verilmesi, ortak kullan\u0131lan e\u015fyalara dikkat edilmesi ve hasta bireylerle temastan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 de\u011ferlidir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n 3 hafta kulu\u00e7ka m\u00fcddeti bulunuyor<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kulu\u00e7ka devri 1-21 g\u00fcn, ekseriyetle 1-2 hafta olarak bilinmektedir. Bu devirde belirti vermeyen hastal\u0131k, kulu\u00e7ka devri akabinde ate\u015f, kas a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7ok halsizlik, lenf bezlerinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczere \u00f6nc\u00fcl belirti ve bulgularla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Ekseriyetle y\u00fczde, kol ve bacaklarda, el i\u00e7i, ayak taban\u0131nda ve genital b\u00f6lgede d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fclerin g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Hastal\u0131k \u00f6nc\u00fcl bulgular ve d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn oldu\u011fu devirde bula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Bedende si\u011fil \u00fczere ba\u015flayan bu d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcler vakitle iltihap dolup kabuklanmaktad\u0131r. El ve ayak i\u00e7inde lezyonlar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 ve lenf bezlerinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme \u00a0MPOX i\u00e7in ay\u0131rt edici olmaktad\u0131r. Lezyonlardaki kabuklar d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde(2-4 hafta) bula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ve hastal\u0131k sona ermektedir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Belirtiler varsa vakit kaybedilmemeli<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenen hastalar\u0131n yahut maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi olan biriyle yak\u0131n temas halinde olan bireylerin, bir s\u0131hhat kurulu\u015funa ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 ve test yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekmektedir. Hekiminiz test yapt\u0131rman\u0131z gerekti\u011fine karar verirse, \u00f6rnekleri alacak ve bunlar\u0131 test i\u00e7in uygun bir laboratuvara g\u00f6nderecektir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Ev i\u00e7i bula\u015fla \u00a0ve anneden bebe\u011fe ge\u00e7ebiliyor\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fc Afrika\u2019da fare, sincap ve maymun \u00fczere hayvanlardan be\u015fere bula\u015farak ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. \u0130nsanlarda da bula\u015f\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin en s\u0131k sebebi yak\u0131n konut i\u00e7i temaslar olmaktad\u0131r. Lezyonlara temas edilmesi, hasta \u015fahsa ili\u015fkin havlu yahut yatak \u00e7ar\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, cinsel m\u00fcnasebet ve 1 metreden yak\u0131n uzun periyodik temasla bula\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda anneden bebe\u011fe gerek do\u011fum \u00f6ncesi gerek do\u011fumda ge\u00e7ebildi\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Lezyonlar ba\u015flad\u0131ktan ve hastal\u0131k tespit edildikten sonra hasta kendini izolasyona almas\u0131, odas\u0131n\u0131 ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse banyosunu ay\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir. T\u0131pk\u0131 ortam\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00a0durumlarda lezyonlar\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131, maske tak\u0131lmas\u0131 de\u011ferlidir. Hasta ki\u015finin havlusunun, yatak \u00e7ar\u015faflar\u0131 yahut giydi\u011fi k\u0131yafetlerin 60 derece ve \u00fczerinde y\u0131kanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n El hijyeni korunman\u0131n anahtar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenilen bir cilt d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcne sahip bireylerle yak\u0131n cilt temas\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak gerekmektedir. Ellerin s\u0131k s\u0131k sabun ve suyla y\u0131kanmas\u0131 yahut alkol bazl\u0131 bir el antisepti\u011fi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir. Bilhassa hastan\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczeylere temas sonras\u0131 el hijyeninin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 de\u011ferlidir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Kalabal\u0131k ortamlara girecekseniz dikkat etmelisiniz\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin yak\u0131n temas ve cilt temas\u0131 ile bula\u015fmas\u0131 kalabal\u0131k ortamlar\u0131 da riskli hale getirmektedir. Bilhassa toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda \u00e7ok dikkatli olunmal\u0131, konser, spor salonu \u00fczere alanlarda \u015fah\u0131slarla direkt temas etmemeye ihtimam g\u00f6stermelisiniz. Bu periyotta s\u0131k s\u0131k deniz ve havuza girilmektedir. Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn sudan bula\u015fabilece\u011fi konusunda net ili\u015fki oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fimdi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Lakin bu alanlarda \u015fezlong \u015femsiye \u00fczere herkesin kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k e\u015fyalar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n A\u015f\u0131 ve tedavi konusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar devam ediyor<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir tedavi yoktur. Lakin, vir\u00fcsler ortas\u0131ndaki genetik benzerlikler nedeniyle, \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan antiviral ila\u00e7lar maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tedavisinde kullan\u0131labilse de aktifli\u011fi tam olarak kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. ABD\u2019de \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 vir\u00fcs\u00fc kullan\u0131larak haz\u0131rlanan maymun \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi vir\u00fcs\u00fc a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 se\u00e7ilmi\u015f k\u00fcmelerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kaynak: (BYZHA) Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Covid-19 pandemisinin akabinde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden, Orta ve Bat\u0131 Afrika\u2019da \u00a0endemik bir hastal\u0131k olan Maymun \u00c7ice\u011fi Vir\u00fcs\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 salg\u0131nlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1900,717,521,1247,1499],"class_list":["post-4063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-bulas","tag-hasta","tag-hayvan","tag-orta","tag-temas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4063"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4063"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4063\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4065,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4063\/revisions\/4065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4063"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4063"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kirsehirsondakika.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}